The Muscular System
The muscular system is made up of over 600 muscle that are composed of strong soft tissue. Many small fibers make up your muscles. Some muscles you control, and some muscles are controlled automatically, such as your heart.
The functions of the muscular system
1. Movement: The muscles are responsible for the voluntary movement of the human body parts. They provide the force by contracting at the expense of energy (where chemical energy of food is converted into mechanical work).
2. Stability: These muscles stabilize the human skeleton and provide proper posture to humans. Some joints of the human body are weak and require support from the muscular system.
3. Production of heat :A large part of the body's energy is used by the muscular system and as a result of high metabolic rate, muscles produce a great amount of heat within the body. This type of heat produced by the muscles is very important when in cold climates to keep the body warm.
4. Circulation: The cardiac muscles provide a strong force for the circulation of blood throughout the body. The pumping of the heat on a regular basis keeps the blood in motion and allows for nutrients to be readily available to every tissue of human body.
5. Helps with digestion: Smooth muscles of organs such as the stomach and intestine help the digestive system in the process of digesting food.
2. Stability: These muscles stabilize the human skeleton and provide proper posture to humans. Some joints of the human body are weak and require support from the muscular system.
3. Production of heat :A large part of the body's energy is used by the muscular system and as a result of high metabolic rate, muscles produce a great amount of heat within the body. This type of heat produced by the muscles is very important when in cold climates to keep the body warm.
4. Circulation: The cardiac muscles provide a strong force for the circulation of blood throughout the body. The pumping of the heat on a regular basis keeps the blood in motion and allows for nutrients to be readily available to every tissue of human body.
5. Helps with digestion: Smooth muscles of organs such as the stomach and intestine help the digestive system in the process of digesting food.
The Three Types of MUSCLES
The Muscular System included three different types of muscles:
Smooth Muscles- These types of muscles can also be referred to as the involuntary muscles. These muscles typically come in the form of sheets, or layers, with one layer of muscle behind the other. These muscles are controlled automatically, your brain and body tell these muscles what they should do without even thinking about it. These muscles are all over your body and are constantly at work. These muscles are located in your stomach and digestive system. In order to allow food to make its journey through the body, these muscles contract and relax. These muscles also come into play when you need to vomit because the muscles push the food back out of the stomach and come back out through the mouth. These muscles are also found in the bladder and in a woman's uterus, where the baby develops. These muscles are also there to help the mother push the baby out when they are ready to deliver. There are also smooth muscles located in your eyes which keep your eyes focused.
Cardiac Muscles- This type of muscle in what makes up the heart. It is also known as the myocardium. These muscles are very thick and they help the heart contract to pump blood out and then relax in order to let blood back in after it has made its way around the whole body. Similarly to smooth muscles, these muscles work automatically. This muscles includes a special group of cells within the heart that are known as the pacemaker of the heart because they control your heartbeat.
Skeletal Muscles- These type of muscles are sometimes referred to as the muscles. These muscles differ from the other two muscles because they are voluntary, meaning that you are in control of these muscles. All of these muscles help make up the musculoskeletal system. The musculoskeletal system is the combination of your muscles and your skeleton, or bones. These muscles work with your bones in order to provide the body with strength and power. Most commonly, a skeletal muscles is attached to one end of a bone and stretches all the way across a joint and then attaches to another bone, with the help of the tendons, which are made of tough tissue, and they connect the pieces between bone and muscle. The tendons are attached very well so that when you contract one of your muscles, the tendon and the bone move along with it. These muscles come in many different shapes and sizes in order to allow them to do many things. The biggest and most powerful muscles are in your back, near the spine, which help keep you upright and standing tall. They also give the body support and the power it needs to lift and push things. The muscles in your neck and the top part of your back are not as larger, but are still very powerful and can do many things.
Smooth Muscles- These types of muscles can also be referred to as the involuntary muscles. These muscles typically come in the form of sheets, or layers, with one layer of muscle behind the other. These muscles are controlled automatically, your brain and body tell these muscles what they should do without even thinking about it. These muscles are all over your body and are constantly at work. These muscles are located in your stomach and digestive system. In order to allow food to make its journey through the body, these muscles contract and relax. These muscles also come into play when you need to vomit because the muscles push the food back out of the stomach and come back out through the mouth. These muscles are also found in the bladder and in a woman's uterus, where the baby develops. These muscles are also there to help the mother push the baby out when they are ready to deliver. There are also smooth muscles located in your eyes which keep your eyes focused.
Cardiac Muscles- This type of muscle in what makes up the heart. It is also known as the myocardium. These muscles are very thick and they help the heart contract to pump blood out and then relax in order to let blood back in after it has made its way around the whole body. Similarly to smooth muscles, these muscles work automatically. This muscles includes a special group of cells within the heart that are known as the pacemaker of the heart because they control your heartbeat.
Skeletal Muscles- These type of muscles are sometimes referred to as the muscles. These muscles differ from the other two muscles because they are voluntary, meaning that you are in control of these muscles. All of these muscles help make up the musculoskeletal system. The musculoskeletal system is the combination of your muscles and your skeleton, or bones. These muscles work with your bones in order to provide the body with strength and power. Most commonly, a skeletal muscles is attached to one end of a bone and stretches all the way across a joint and then attaches to another bone, with the help of the tendons, which are made of tough tissue, and they connect the pieces between bone and muscle. The tendons are attached very well so that when you contract one of your muscles, the tendon and the bone move along with it. These muscles come in many different shapes and sizes in order to allow them to do many things. The biggest and most powerful muscles are in your back, near the spine, which help keep you upright and standing tall. They also give the body support and the power it needs to lift and push things. The muscles in your neck and the top part of your back are not as larger, but are still very powerful and can do many things.
The Role of actin and myosin in muscle contraction
Muscle fiber generates tension during the action of actin and myosin cross-bridge is cycling. The muscles may lengthen or shorten, or possibly even remain the same under this tension. This is called muscle contraction, referring to muscle fibers generating tension with the help of the motor neurons.
The central nervous system controls the voluntary muscle contractions. This happens when the brain sends signals (in the form of action potentials) through the nervous system to motor neurons that innervates several different muscle fibers. However, involuntary muscles like the heart or smooth muscles located in the gut and vascular system contract as a result of the brain's non conscious activity or stimuli proceeding in the body to the muscles itself.
The central nervous system controls the voluntary muscle contractions. This happens when the brain sends signals (in the form of action potentials) through the nervous system to motor neurons that innervates several different muscle fibers. However, involuntary muscles like the heart or smooth muscles located in the gut and vascular system contract as a result of the brain's non conscious activity or stimuli proceeding in the body to the muscles itself.
The rules for skeletal muscle activity
1. All skeletal muscles have at least two attachments, the origin and the insertion.
2. All muscles cross at least one joint.
3. Most of the time, the bulk of the muscle lies proximal to the joint crossed.
4. During contraction, the muscle insertion moves towards the origin.
5. Muscles can never push, the can only pull. The muscles work in pairs, the are arranged on the skeleton in a way that whatever one muscle can do, another muscles can do in reverse.
2. All muscles cross at least one joint.
3. Most of the time, the bulk of the muscle lies proximal to the joint crossed.
4. During contraction, the muscle insertion moves towards the origin.
5. Muscles can never push, the can only pull. The muscles work in pairs, the are arranged on the skeleton in a way that whatever one muscle can do, another muscles can do in reverse.